Comparison of Church Doctrines
 

Christian churches divide into about three basic types, 1) Catholic, 2) Conservative Protestant, and 3) Liberal Protestant.  There are many groups with their own unique variations in each category.

Maybe it can be said that group one lives by, "Everyone must work and do as we say", group two says, "The Bible is the only source of reliable guidance", and group three says, "No book is going to tell us what to do."

The points listed as Conservative Protestant in Appendix I and II are the best match with the Bible.  The other positions, in my opinion, are non-biblical points of view that people have taken because they don't like what the Bible says, so they make adjustments they find more pleasing to their situations.

Anyone considering a non-biblical position should first  examine the proofs for Biblical inspiration.  With a little study and an open mind, they're very convincing.
 

Differences Between Roman Catholicism and
Conservative Protestantism
Source: http://www.religioustolerance.org
 
 
Theological Belief Roman Catholic Church Fundamentalists, Evangelicals
Apocrypha: meaning of the term Books by Christian authors, used by early Christians, but later rejected as non-canonical. Books by Jewish authors written between the Old and New testament times; rejected as non-canonical.
Apostolic succession  Believe in the Apostolic succession: ordinations traceable back to St. Peter. Concept rejected as historically invalid; It simply didn't happen.
Authority within the church Vested in the hierarchy of the church. Within the believer (soul freedom).
Baptism, significance of Sacrament which regenerates and justifies; usually done in infancy. Testimony of a prior regeneration. Done later in life.
Baptism, timing  During infancy During adulthood
Bible, status of Historically teaches that the original writings by Bible authors are inerrant. This is being debated. The original writings of the authors of the Bible are inerrant.
Change of beliefs, practices Debate sometimes forbidden. Free discussion allowed.
Church, structure Hierarchical. Democratic.
Clergy, selection of Appointed; all male; almost all unmarried. Elected; mostly male; single or married.
God, access to Via clergy, saints, Virgin Mary, Jesus. Via Jesus alone.
Hell More than a physical place, hell is a state of being involving "the pain, frustration and emptiness of life without God." A real physical place of eternal torture. Some theologians say that hell does not exist.
Immaculate Conception of Mary (Note 1) Required belief. Denied.
Infallibility of the Pope Required belief in matters of religious doctrine and faith. Denied.
Limbo A place in Hell for infants who die before being baptized, and for Old Testament saints. Concept is not officially taught. Existence denied.
Lord's supper / Eucharist A sacrifice. Christ's body and blood are physically present and are consumed by believers. Memorial meal. Christ's body and blood are present symbolically only.
Mary's status Mary's status is below Jesus', but above that of the saints. Some regard Mary as co-redemptrix with Jesus; this is not currently church teaching. The Virgin Mary plays a relatively minor role. Only trust in Jesus saves a person.
Non-Christian religions Have some value for the truth that they contain. Many Fundamentalists consider them worthless, dangerous, demon-led.
Prayer To God. Also may ask Mary or a saint to pray on their behalf. To God only.
Purgatory A state of being in which souls are cleansed by purifying punishments before they can enter heaven. Does not exist.
Sacraments The means of grace. The symbols of grace.
Salvation, achieving Dependent on faith, works and sacraments. Dependent on faith only.
Salvation, losing Is lost when a responsible person commits a mortal sin. It can be regained through repentance and the sacrament of confession. Usually, once a person is saved, they cannot lose their salvation.
Statues, venerating Frequent veneration of statues and images as symbolic of the individual saints. Considered idolatry.
Truth Found in scripture, as interpreted by the church. Also found in church tradition. Found in scripture, as interpreted by the individual. 
Visibility of the Church The hierarchy of the Church, including the laity, plus the Church's Spirit, referred to as the "Spotless Bride of Christ. Invisible fellowship of all believers

Note 1:  Many people confuse the immaculate conception with the virgin birth. The former is a Roman Catholic belief that in about 20 BC when Mary herself was conceived, she was without original sin.  The latter is a generally held belief among all conservative and most mainline Christian denominations that Mary was a virgin when Jesus was conceived about 6 BC.  Religious liberals generally consider both to be mythical concepts.


Differences Between Liberal and
Conservative Protestantism
source:  http://www.religioustolerance.org
 
 
Item Conservative Wing Liberal Wing
Typical Denomination Southern Baptist Convention United Church of Christ
Theological Matters:
Concept of God Lawgiver. Father, Judge, Creator, Redeemer Parent, Lover, Healer, Liberator.
Concept of Jesus Divine; co-eternal with God Various beliefs
Satan Profoundly powerful and important living entity, dedicated to evil. Symbol of evil. Does not exist as a living entity. 
Status of the Bible Inerrant, free of errors, except for a few isolated copying mistakes Many conflicts. Books are created by fallible human authors promoting their own beliefs
Interpreting the Bible Mainly literally Some literal, some symbolic; some as simple propaganda; some passages should be ignored
How to Understand the Bible One must first be 'saved' before the Holy Spirit will help you understand the Bible By studying infusion of religious ideas from other cultures surrounding Palestine and the biases of the authors.
Consistency of the Bible Totally consistent; presents an undeviating theological belief Major evolution in theological beliefs from Genesis to Revelation
Usefulness of Bible Passages All verses are useful Some passages should be rejected as advocating unethical behavior such as genocide and slavery.
Vision of Christian faith Essentially fixed In constant change
"Prime Directive" "Great commission" to evangelize the world "Great Commandment" to love God and one's fellow humans
Heaven With God; eternally joyous Various
Hell Place of eternal punishment Temporary punishment, symbolic condition, or non-existent
Basis of salvation Repentance, trust in Jesus as savior Universalism: all will be saved
Virgin birth Important belief Unimportant, or myth
Beginning of the universe Created by God Created by God or evolved due to purely natural forces
Evolution of the species Nonexistent. All "kinds" of animals were created during one week. Species evolved over hundreds of millions of years due either to natural forces or intervention by God.
Age of the universe Less than 10,000 years Over 10,000 million years
Second Coming of Jesus Imminent Not expected
End of the world Imminent Far future, if ever
Rapture Imminent A beautiful myth
Baptism By immersion. Given to believers only, after the age of accountability. By sprinkling; given to the very young, before the age of accountability.
Main sources for social policies, and beliefs The Bible, tradition, findings of science Findings of science, the Bible, tradition
Biblical basis for policies & beliefs  Selected Biblical verses Christ's message, coupled with modern knowledge
Book of Daniel Written by Daniel in the 6th century BC. Predicts events in our immediate future. Author unknown. Written circa 165 BC. Recorded past events from the 6th to the 2nd century
How the books in the New Testament were selected from the many writings in circulation Under the inspiration of God. Fraudulent books rejected; only inerrant books accepted.. They selected only those writings which supported their 4th century theology
Converting Jews to Christianity Of vital importance; given a high priority. A religiously  intolerant activity
Status of Jews and Judaism Abandoned by God, or of uncertain status. A parallel, great world religion
Church Organization:
Church membership Exclusive; must conform to standards of belief and practice Inclusive; minimal requirements
Ordination of women Opposed or barely tolerated Supportive
Growth in membership Positive Little or negative
Range of beliefs among members Small Wide
Social Policies    
Under what conditions is an act sinful? Depends upon the act itself; e.g. all homosexual sex is sinful Depends upon the situation; e.g. all manipulative sex is sinful
Legalization of slavery, circa 1997 AD Opposed Opposed
Legalization of slavery, circa 1860 AD Generally supportive Denomination did not exist
Racial segregation, circa 1997 AD Opposed Opposed
Racial segregation, circa 1960 AD Supportive, Neutral Opposed
Special rights & roles for males Supportive Opposed
Nature of homosexuality Chosen, changeable; an addiction; something that people do Genetic, fixed; an orientation; something that people are
Special rights for heterosexuals; e.g. marriage Favor Various
Marriage, circa 1997 Restricted to heterosexuals Some  favor marriage for all couples
Marriage, circa 1960 Only  heterosexuals of same race Only heterosexuals
Corporal punishment of children Supportive, as needed Opposed
Access to physician assisted suicide Opposed; politically active Various
Access to abortion Pro-life; politically active Pro-choice
Capital Punishment Favor Many opposed
Schoolroom prayer Favor Opposed
Sinful forms of sex Gay, lesbian, any sexual acts outside of marriage, rape. Any coercive, manipulated or unsafe acts, or any sex acts outside a committed relationship